Trl-GAGA directly interacts with lola like and both are part of the repressive complex of polycomb group of genes

Abstract

Epigenetic inheritance to maintain the expression state of the genome is essential during development. In Drosophila, the cis regulatory elements, called the Polycomb Response Elements (PREs) function to mark the epigenetic cellular memory of the corresponding genomic region with the help of PcG and trxG proteins. While the PcG genes code for the repressor proteins, the trxG genes encode activator proteins. The observations that some proteins may function both as PcG and trxG member and that both these group of proteins act upon common cis elements indicate at least a partial functional overlap among these proteins. Trl-GAGA was initially identified as a trxG member but later was shown to be essential for PcG function on several PREs. In order to understand how Trl-GAGA functions in PcG context, we have looked for the interactors of this protein. We identified lola like, aka batman, as a strong interactor of GAGA factor in a yeast two-hybrid screen. lolal also interacts with polyhomeotic and, like Trl, both lolal and ph are needed for iab-7PRE mediated pairing dependent silencing of mini-white transgene. These observations suggest a possible mechanism of how Trl-GAGA plays a role in maintaining the repressed state of target genes involving lolal, which may function as a mediator to recruit PcG complexes.