Sanitation for low-income regions: A cross-disciplinary review

Hyun, Christopher and Burt, Zachary and Crider, Yoshika and Nelson, Kara L. and Prasad, C.S. Sharada and Rayasam, Swati D.G. and Tarpeh, William and Ray, Isha (2019) Sanitation for low-income regions: A cross-disciplinary review. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 44 (1). pp. 287-318. ISSN 1543-5938

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Abstract

Sanitation research focuses primarily on containing human waste and preventing disease; thus, it has traditionally been dominated by the fields of environmental engineering and public health. Over the past 20 years, however, the field has grown broader in scope and deeper in complexity, spanning diverse disciplinary perspectives. In this article, we review the current literature in the range of disciplines engaged with sanitation research in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We find that perspectives on what sanitation is, and what sanitation policy should prioritize, vary widely. We show how these diverse perspectives augment the conventional sanitation service chain, a framework describing the flow of waste from capture to disposal. We review how these perspectives can inform progress toward equitable sanitation for all [i.e., Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6]. Our key message is that both material and nonmaterial flows—and both technological and social functions—make up a sanitation “system.” The components of the sanitation service chain are embedded within the flows of finance, decision making, and labor that make material flows of waste possible. The functions of capture, storage, transport, treatment, reuse, and disposal are interlinked with those of ensuring equity and affordability. We find that a multilayered understanding of sanitation, with contributions from multiple disciplines, is necessary to facilitate inclusive and robust research toward the goal of sanitation for all.

Item Type:	Article
Authors:	Hyun, Christopher and Burt, Zachary and Crider, Yoshika and Nelson, Kara L. and Prasad, C.S. Sharada and Rayasam, Swati D.G. and Tarpeh, William and Ray, Isha
Document Language:	Language English
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Sustainable Development Goals, sanitation service chain, human right to sanitation, waste treatment and reuse, health and sanitation, gender and sanitation
Subjects:	Social sciences > Political Science > Public policy Social sciences > Economics > Production > Sustainable development Public Health
Divisions:	Azim Premji University - Bengaluru > School of Development
Full Text Status:	Public
URI:	http://publications.azimpremjiuniversity.edu.in/id/eprint/7233
Publisher URL:	https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-101718-033...

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