Growing smooth interfaces with inhomogeneous moving external fields: dynamical transitions, devil's staircases, and self-Assembled ripples

Abstract

We study the steady state structure and dynamics of an interface in a pure Ising system on a square lattice placed in an inhomogeneous external field with a profile designed to stabilize a flat interface and translated with velocity v_e. For small v_e, the interface is stuck to the profile, is macroscopically smooth, and is rippled with a periodicity in general incommensurate with the lattice parameter. For arbitrary orientations of the profile, the local slope of the interface locks in to one of infinitely many rational values (devil's staircase) which most closely approximates the profile. These "lock-in" structures and ripples disappear as v_e increases. For still larger v_e the profile detaches from the interface.