Nanocrystals, nanorods and other nanostructures of nickel, ruthenium, rhodium and iridium prepared by a simple solvothermal procedure

Abstract

The solvothermal decomposition of nickel acetate in n-octylamine medium at 250°C gives rise to nickel nanostructures while in a hydrocarbon medium NiO nanostructures are obtained. It has been possible to obtain nickel nanorods of 12-15 nm diameter by this means. By carrying out the reaction at a slightly higher temperature, ultra-thin single-crystalline sheets of nickel are obtained. The nanorods and the thin sheets, with the FCC structure, are both ferromagnetic at room temperature, with the nanorods exhibiting high coercivities. It has been possible to obtain ruthenium, rhodium and iridium nanostructures by carrying out the decomposition of the respective metal acetylacetonates in a hydrocarbon (decalin or toluene) or an amine (n-octylamine or oleylamine) around 300°C. Nanorod formation is favored by linear long-chain amines. The method described by us to prepare the nanostructures of nickel, ruthenium, rhodium and iridium is simple and straightforward compared to the literature procedures, the preparation of single-crystalline thin sheets of nickel by such a solution route being noteworthy. The nanostructures prepared in the amine media could be readily dispersed in hydrocarbon solvents.