The brackish-water fauna of Madras

Abstract

The fauna of the brackish-waters of the city of Madras has been studied in detail with special reference to its relation with the habitat. The environmental conditions are described in detail. About ninety-two species of Invertebrates and fifty-six species of Vertebrates have been observed in the brackish-water. The fauna is predominantly marine and includes representatives of all major marine Invertebrate phyla except the Echinodermata. The freshwater species include a few Crustaceans, Molluscs and fish. The amphibious element in the fauna is well marked, and a number of mud-burrowing species are noted. Vertical and regional distribution of the organisms is described and the groups into which they may be classified according to their habits are indicated. An account of the breeding in brackish-water species is given. The general problems concerning the biology of animal life in the brackish-water are discussed in detail with special reference to the fauna described.