Depletion of fractional fermion number of a soliton at finite chemical potential and temperature

Abstract

We find an expression for the fractional fermion number of a soliton at finite fermion chemical potential μ and finite temperature T in the (1+1)-dimensional chiral field theory. We discuss the physical origin of the depletion of the soliton charge by finite μ and the relevance to lower-dimensional charge-density-wave systems and to topological solitons in higher-dimensional field theories.