Charged vortices and Q-balls in an abelian Higgs model exhibiting a first order phase transition

Abstract

I show that both charged vortices and nontopological Q-ball solutions simultaneously exist at the first order transition point in a φ⁶-type abelian Higgs model with the Chern-Simons term. When the Chern-Simons mass is small I rigorously show that the charged vortex-vortex interaction is more repulsive than in the corresponding neutral case. In the special case when the gauge field kinetic energy is absent, I obtain an analytical expression for the magnetic moment on the n-vortex and provide an alternative derivation of the Bogomol'nyi-type first order equations.