Beyond Colloidal Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Analogous Metal Halides and Doping

Abstract

Colloidal CsPbX₃ (X = Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals (NCs) are being explored extensively as an interesting variety of defect-tolerant materials, wherein high efficiencies of optical and optoelectronic processes can be achieved even in the presence of surface defects. This defect-tolerant nature arises mainly because of the unique electronic band structure of these perovskites. Consequently, synthesis and exploration of other metal halide {CsSnX₃, Cs₂SnX₆, and (CH₃)₃Bi₂X₉} NCs with electronic band structure similar to that of CsPbX₃ perovskite have begun with high promise. Another initiative to tailor the properties is the doping of metal ions (Mn²⁺, Zn²⁺, Cd²⁺, Sn²⁺, and Bi³⁺) into the lattice of CsPbX₃ NCs. Furthermore, nanocomposites of CsPbX₃–metal and CsPbX₃–dielectric layer–metal have been attempted. Here we discuss the recent progress in the research of these colloidal metal halide NCs that are either analogous to CsPbX₃ perovskites or derivatives of CsPbX₃ perovskites.