Inter-linkage among climate, terrestrial and marine systems: sustainable development perspectives

Abstract

The interplay between Earth observation technologies and sustainable development has become increasingly important in addressing global challenges such as climate change, food security, and biodiversity loss. The studies included in this volume explore diverse dimensions of how remote sensing, GIS, and other geospatial technologies are transforming agriculture, water management, and ecosystem conservation. In agriculture, advanced monitoring techniques empower farmers to optimize crop management and enhance resilience against climate variability, while integrated approaches like agroforestry promote biodiversity and sustainable land use. The efficacy of water resource management is enhanced manifold through geospatial insights, addressing the complexities of hydroclimatic extremes and adaptive strategies necessary for coping with climate impacts. Furthermore, the intricate relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem health underscore the need for effective conservation practices, particularly in sensitive regions such as high-altitude wetlands and forest ecosystems. The sections dedicated to ocean and atmosphere dynamics further illustrate how global climate patterns influence terrestrial systems, necessitating a multifaceted approach to climate adaptation and mitigation. Taken together, these contributions highlight the critical role of Earth observation in promoting sustainable development and underscore the need for collaborative science and policy efforts to address the pressing environmental challenges of our time.