Bhadauria, Dharmendra S. ; Katiyar, Harshita ; Goel, Amit ; Tiwari, Prachi ; Kishore, Ravi V. Krishna ; Aggarwal, Amita ; Verma, Alka ; Khetan, Dheeraj ; Kaul, Anupma ; Yachha, Monika ; Behera, Manas Ranjan ; Yadav, Brijesh ; Prasad, Narayan (2022) Antibody Response to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) Vaccine in Kidney Transplant Recipients Vaccines, 10 (10). p. 1693. ISSN 2076-393X
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Official URL: http://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10101693
Related URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10101693
Abstract
Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are at a much higher risk of complications and death following COVID-19 and are poor vaccine responders. The data are limited on the immune response to Covishield® in KTRs. We prospectively recruited a cohort of 67 KTRs aged >18 between April 2021 and December 2021. Each participant was given two intramuscular doses of Covishield®, each of 0.5 mL, at an interval of 12 weeks. A blood specimen of 5.0 mL was collected from each participant at two points within a few days before administering the first dose of the vaccine and at any time between 4-12 weeks after administering the second dose. The sera were tested for anti-RBD antibody (ARAb) titre and neutralising antibody (NAb). An ACE2 competition assay was used as a proxy for virus neutralization. According to the prior COVID-19 infection, participants were grouped as (i) group A: prior symptomatic COVID-19 infection, (ii) group B: prior asymptomatic COVID-19 infection as evidenced by detectable ARAb in the prevaccination specimen, (iii) Group C: no prior infection with COVID-19, (iv) group D: Unclassified, i.e., participants had no symptoms suggestive of COVID-19, but their prevaccination specimen was not available for ARAb testing before vaccination. Fifty of sixty-seven participants (74.6%) provided paired specimens (group A 14, group B 27, and group C 9) and 17 participants (25.4%) provided only postvaccination specimens (group D). In the overall cohort (n = 67), 91% and 77.6% of participants developed ARAb and NAb, respectively. Their ARAb titre and NAb proportion were 2927 (520-7124) U/mL and 87.9 (24.4-93.2) %, respectively. Their median ARAb titre increased 65.6 folds, from 38.2 U/mL to 3137 U/mL. Similarly, the proportion of participants with NAb increased from 56% to 86%, and the NAb proportion raised 2.7 folds, from 23% to 91%. A comparison of vaccine response between the study groups showed that all those with or without prior COVID-19 infection showed a significant rise in ARAb titre (p < 0.05) and NAb proportion (p < 0.05) after the two doses of vaccine administration. The median value of folds rise in anti-RBD and NAb between groups A and B were comparable. Hence, ARAb is present in more than 3/4th of KTRs before the ChAdOx1 vaccine in India. The titer of ARAb and the proportion of NAb significantly increased after the two doses of the ChAdOx1 vaccine in KTRs.
Item Type: | Article |
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Source: | Copyright of this article belongs to MDPI |
Keywords: | Covishield; anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody; humoral immunity; kidney transplant recipients; neutralising antibodies; vaccination |
ID Code: | 129207 |
Deposited On: | 22 Nov 2022 10:55 |
Last Modified: | 22 Nov 2022 10:55 |
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