Alluvial geomorphology and confluence dynamics in the Gangetic plains, Farrukhabad-Kannauj area, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

Remote sensing images and topographic maps have been used to understand the geomorphic processes in parts of the Gangetic plains of Uttar Pradesh. Detailed geomorphic mapping suggests that the confluences of the Ganga-Ramganga-Garra rivers have moved both up-stream and downstream during the last 30 years in response to river capture, local cut-offs and aggradation. There is a remarkable difference in the fluvial dynamics of this region compared to the eastern Gangetic plains from where rapid and frequent channel avulsions have been reported. We do not observe any definite trend in the movement of the confluence points and our work departs from earlier suggestions of regional controls such as choking up of rivers due to sea-level rise or increased erosion in the catchment areas.