Dev, Rachana Roshan ; Ganji, Rakesh ; Singh, Satya Prakash ; Mahalingam, Sundarasamy ; Banerjee, Sharmistha ; Khosla, Sanjeev (2017) Cytosine methylation by DNMT2 facilitates stability and survival of HIV-1 RNA in the host cell during infection Biochemical Journal, 474 (12). pp. 2009-2026. ISSN 0264-6021
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Official URL: http://doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20170258
Related URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20170258
Abstract
The enigmatic methyltransferase, DNMT2 (DNA methyltransferase 2), structurally resembles a DNA methyltransferase, but has been shown to be a tRNA methyltransferase targeting cytosine within a specific CpG in different tRNA molecules. We had previously shown that, during environmental stress conditions, DNMT2 is re-localized from the nucleus to the cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs) and is associated with RNA-processing proteins. In the present study, we show that DNMT2 binds and methylates various mRNA species in a sequence-independent manner and gets re-localized to SGs in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. Importantly, our results indicate that HIV-1 enhances its survivability in the host cell by utilizing this RNA methylation capability of DNMT2 to increase the stability of its own genome. Upon infection, DNMT2 re-localizes from the nucleus to the SGs and methylates HIV-1 RNA. This DNMT2-dependent methylation provided post-transcriptional stability to the HIV-1 RNA. Furthermore, DNMT2 overexpression increased the HIV-1 viral titre. This would suggest that HIV hijacks the RNA-processing machinery within the SGs to ensure its own survival in the host cell. Thus, our findings provide for a novel mechanism by which virus tries to modulate the host cell machinery to its own advantage.
Item Type: | Article |
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Source: | Copyright of this article belongs to Portland Press Limited. |
Keywords: | DNMT2; Methyltransferases; RNA Methylation; TRDMT1. |
ID Code: | 119917 |
Deposited On: | 18 Jun 2021 12:00 |
Last Modified: | 18 Jun 2021 12:00 |
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