Constructions of 2D-Metallamacrocycles Using Half-Sandwich RuII2Precursors: Synthesis, Molecular Structures, and Self-Selection for a Single Linkage Isomer

Abstract

Coordination-driven self-assembly of oxalato-bridged half-sandwich p-cymene ruthenium complex [Ru2(μ-η4-C2O4)(MeOH)2(η6-p-cymene)2](O3SCF3)2 (1a) with several ditopic donors (La−Ld) in methanol affords a series of bi- and tetranuclear metallamacrocycles (2a and 3−5). Similarly, the combination of 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinonato (dhbq)-bridged binuclear complex [Ru2(μ-η4-C6H2O4)(MeOH)2(η6-p-cymene)2](O3SCF3)2 (1b) with a flexible bidentate amide linker (La) in 1:1 molar ratio gave the corresponding tetranuclear complex 2b. All the macrocycles were isolated as their triflate salts in high yields and were fully characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. Finally, the molecular structures of all the assemblies were determined unambiguously by single-crystal X-diffraction analysis. Interestingly, the combination of acceptor 1a or 1b with an unsymmetrical linear ditopic donor La results in a self-sorted linkage isomeric (head-to-tail) macrocycle (2a or 2b) despite the possibility of formation of two different isomeric macrocycles (head-to-head or head-to-tail) due to different connectivity of the donor. Molecular structures of the complexes 2a and 2b showed tetranuclear rectangular geometry with dimensions of 5.51 Å × 13.29 Å for 2a and 7.91 Å × 13.46 Å for 2b. In both cases, two binuclear RuII2 building blocks are connected by a μ-N-(4-pyridyl)isonicotinamide donor in a head-to-tail fashion. Surprisingly, the macrocycle 2a loses one counteranion and cocrystallizes with monodeprotonated 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene via strong intermolecular π−π stacking and hydrogen bonding. The tweezer complex 3 showed strong fluorescence in solution, and it showed fluorescence sensing toward nitroaromatic compounds. A fluorescence study demonstrated a marked quenching of the initial fluorescence intensity of the macrocycle 3 upon gradual addition of trinitrotoluene and exhibits significant fluorescence quenching response only for nitroaromatic compounds compared to various other aromatic compounds tested.