Stochastic approximation with iterate-dependent Markov noise under verifiable conditions in compact state space with the stability of iterates not ensured

Abstract

This paper compiles several aspects of the dynamics of stochastic approximation algorithms with Markov iterate-dependent noise when the iterates are not known to be stable beforehand. We achieve the same by extending the lock-in probability (i.e. the probability of convergence of the iterates to a specific attractor of the limiting o.d.e. given that the iterates are in its domain of attraction after a sufficiently large number of iterations (say) n0) framework to such recursions. We use these results to prove almost sure convergence of the iterates to the specified attractor when the iterates satisfy an asymptotic tightness condition. The novelty of our approach is that if the state space of the Markov process is compact we prove almost sure convergence under much weaker assumptions compared to the work by Andrieu et al. which solves the general state space case under much restrictive assumptions. We also extend our single timescale results to the case where there are two separate recursions over two different timescales. This, in turn, is shown to be useful in analyzing the tracking ability of general adaptive algorithms.