Mechanism of the size dependence of the superconducting transition of nanostructured Nb

Abstract

A direct measurement of the superconducting energy gap by point contact spectroscopy in nanostructured Nb films shows that the gap decreases with a reduction in the average particle size. The superconducting T_c, obtained from transport and magnetic measurements, also decreases with size and scales with the energy gap. The size dependence of the superconducting properties in this intermediate coupling type II superconductor is therefore governed by changes in the electronic density of states rather than by phonon softening. Consistent with the Anderson criterion, no T_c was observed for sizes below 8 nm.