Synthesis of conjugated BODIPYs via the Wittig reaction

Abstract

A Wittig reaction was employed to synthesize conjugated BODIPYs in high yields by treating formylated BODIPYs with alkyl/aryl ylides under simple room temperature conditions. Treatment of 3,5-diformyl BODIPYs or α-formyl 3-pyrrolyl BODIPY with different alkyl/aryl ylides in CH₂Cl₂ at room temperature for 2 h followed by straightforward column chromatographic purification on silica afforded conjugated BODIPYs in ∼65–90 % yields. This is an alternate method to Knoevenagel and Heck reactions which have been used to synthesize such conjugated BODIPYs. The method works very efficiently and we prepared 12 substituted BODIPYs including cholesterol-substituted BODIPYs to demonstrate the versatility of the reaction. The spectral, electrochemical and fluorescence properties of these conjugated BODIPYs are also described.