Perinatal outcome of infants born to diabetic mothers

Abstract

Two hundred and sixty three pregnant diabetic mothers' perinatal outcome was evaluated. Two hundred and twenty five infants were born to gestational diabetic mothers (IGDM) and 38 infants to mothers with established diabetes mellitus (IDM). In IGDM group, 34 babies (15%) were preterm and 45 (20%) were low birth weight (less than 2500 g). Thirty eight babies (17%) were large-for-dates (LFD) and 14 (6.2%) were small-for-dates (SFD). Among IDM group, 8 (21%) babies were preterm and 8 (21%) were low birth weight (less than 2500 g). Fifteen babies (39.5%) were LFD and 3 (8%) were SFD. Out of all babies, hypoglycemia occurred in 43 (16%), birth asphyxia in 24 (9%) and respiratory distress in 21 (8%). Nearly half of respiratory distress were due to hyaline membrane disease. Perinatal mortality rate was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in IDM (237/1000 live birth) as compared to IGDM (40/1000 live birth).