Conjugation of chlorin p6 to histamine enhances its cellular uptake and phototoxicity in oral cancer cells

Parihar, Arpana ; Dube, Alok ; Gupta, P. K. (2011) Conjugation of chlorin p6 to histamine enhances its cellular uptake and phototoxicity in oral cancer cells Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 68 (2). pp. 359-369. ISSN 0344-5704

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Official URL: http://www.springerlink.com/content/8u028u17637246...

Related URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00280-010-1492-9

Abstract

Purpose Our previous studies in hamster cheek pouch model have shown that chlorin p6 (Cp6), a chlorophyll derivative is a suitable photosensitizer for photodynamic treatment (PDT) of small tumors (<5 mm). However, for bigger tumors, the accumulation of Cp6 was inadequate, which compromised the effectiveness of PDT. The purpose of present study was to investigate the possibility of improving the cellular uptake of Cp6 by conjugating it to histamine, a biogenic amine that is known to modulate tumor growth and development via cell surface receptors. Methods The conjugate of Cp6 and histamine (Cp6-his) was prepared by carbodiimide coupling reaction. Cellular uptake, intracellular localization and cytotoxicity of both Cp6 and its conjugate were investigated in two human oral cancer cell lines (4451 and NT8e). The percentage of necrotic and apoptotic cells after PDT were also estimated using Hoechst 33342-propidium iodide staining. Results In both the cell line, the cellular uptake of Cp6-his was found to be ~10 times higher when compared to Cp6. Histamine led to a slight increase in intracellular uptake of Cp6-his, whereas ranitidine, a histamine H2 receptor antagonist, and incubation at lower temperature (~15°C) led to its inhibition, suggesting that uptake of Cp6-his is receptor mediated. Results on western blot confirmed the presence of H2 receptor in both the cell line. Observations on intracellular localization revealed that unlike Cp6, which localized on multiple sites, Cp6-his showed localization on the cell membrane and around the perinuclear region. Moreover, the phototoxicity induced by Cp6-his was ~4 times higher when compared to Cp6 in both the cell lines. There was, however, no significant difference in the mode of cell death. Conclusion Results suggest that conjugating Cp6 with histamine can help improve the effectiveness of PDT in oral cancer cells by enhancing its intracellular delivery.

Item Type:Article
Source:Copyright of this article belongs to Springer.
Keywords:Chlorophyll Derivative; Photodynamic Therapy; Mode Of Cell Death; Targeted Delivery
ID Code:83472
Deposited On:21 Feb 2012 12:58
Last Modified:21 Feb 2012 12:58

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