Synthesis, characterization, and utilization of itaconate-based polymerizable surfactants for the preparation of surface-carboxylated polystyrene latexes

Arun Prasath, R. ; Ramakrishnan, S. (2005) Synthesis, characterization, and utilization of itaconate-based polymerizable surfactants for the preparation of surface-carboxylated polystyrene latexes Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 43 (15). pp. 3257-3267. ISSN 0887-624X

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Official URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pola.20...

Related URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.20768

Abstract

Two polymerizable surfactants (surfmers), namely, monododecyl itaconate (MDDI) and monocetyl itaconate (MCI), were synthesized by reacting itaconic anhydride with 1-dodecanol and cetyl alcohol, respectively. A series of uncrosslinked and crosslinked surface-carboxylated latexes were prepared from styrene and styrene-divinylbenzene, respectively, using varying amounts of these two surfmers. The latexes were characterized by gravimetry, dynamic light scattering, and conductometric titration in order to obtain the conversion, particle size distribution, and concentration of surface carboxyl groups, respectively. The size of latex varied between 41-72 nm and was seen to depend inversely on the surfmer concentration. In the case of the soluble polystyrene latexes, solution 1H NMR spectra provided conclusive evidence for surfmer incorporation into the polymer chain. Comparison of the incorporation levels determined by NMR with the surface carboxylic acid concentrations in the latexes, determined by conductometric titrations, revealed that the majority of the surfmers, as ancticipated, were present on the latex surface. The study of the stability of the latexes to varying salt concentrations clearly demonstrated that the smaller-size latexes having higher surface carboxyl group density exhibited far improved stability when compared with the larger-size ones having lower surface carboxyl group density. Similarly, enhanced freeze-thaw stability was also observed for the smaller-size latexes. MCI-based latexes exhibited marginally improved stability compared with those prepared using MDDI, which again seems to be because of the higher surface functional group density in the former.

Item Type:Article
Source:Copyright of this article belongs to John Wiley and Sons.
Keywords:Carboxylated Latex; Surfactant; Emulsion Polymerization; Polystyrene
ID Code:67233
Deposited On:29 Oct 2011 12:05
Last Modified:29 Oct 2011 12:05

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