Spatially resolved STIS spectra of the gravitationally lensed broad absorption line quasar APM08279+5255: the nature of component C and evidence for microlensing

Abstract

While gravitationally lensed quasars are expected to display an odd number of images, invariably systems are observed with an even number of quasars. For this, lensing galaxies must have very small core radii; this provides strong demagnification of one of the images. High-resolution imaging of the gravitationally lensed broad absorption line (BAL) quasar, APM08279+5255, reveals three point-like images. As these images possess similar colours, it has been suggested that each represents a lensed image. Here, spatially resolved spectra of the individual components, obtained with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), are presented, clearly revealing that each is an image of the quasar. This confirms that APM08279+5255 represents the first example of an odd-image gravitationally lensed system. The implications for the properties of the lensing galaxy are discussed. It is also found that the individual images possess spectral differences indicative of the influence of gravitational microlensing in this system.