Behavior of excess electrons in a one-dimensional classical bath: equilibrium properties

Abstract

The behavior of an excess electron in a one-dimensional classical liquidlike bath is studied. A variety of equilibrium properties of the electron and the solvent are presented to characterize the structures of the different systems. For a repulsive potential between the electron and a fluid of hard rods, the electron becomes confined in a cavity. The localized electron exerts an "external field" on the solvent and creates ordered structures in it around the electron at high solvent densities. We find contrasting behavior for an electron rod potential in which a negative δ function is assumed to be situated at the center of each hard rod. For the force parameters taken in this calculation, the electron is found to exist in a "quasifree" state and forms a cluster of solvent particles around it. Ordered structure is found to develop in the cluster as the solvent density is increased.