Light activation of NADP malic enzyme in leaves of maize: marginal increase in activity, but marked change in regulatory properties of enzyme

Abstract

This article reports the characteristics of light activation of NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME, EC 1.1.1.40) in leaf discs of maize (Zea mays cv. VMH 404) for the first time. The leaf discs were illuminated in the presence of 2 mmol/L bicarbonate, as light activation increases in the presence of bicarbonate. Upon illumination, the V_max of NADP-ME increased by about 30 percent;. Although small, the increase was consistent and significant. The changes in regulatory properties of NADP-ME were quite pronounced. The extent of light activation was similar when substrate (malate) concentration was either 4 mmol/L (saturating) or 0.01 mmol/L (limiting). There was only a marginal change in the K_m for malate, but there was marked change in the response of NADP-ME to activators or inhibitors. The K_i for pyruvate and oxalate increased by 100 and 67 percent; respectively, while the K_a for the citrate and succinate increased by 36 and 32 percent; respectively. These results suggest that the NADP-ME becomes less sensitive to feedback inhibition on illumination. The light-induced change seems to be due, at least partially, to the reduction of dithiols, as incubation of leaf extracts with DTE dampened light activation of NADP-ME. We conclude that the properties of NADP-ME do change on illumination. Although there was only a marginal increase in the activity of the enzyme on illumination of leaf discs, the changes in regulatory properties of NADP-ME were marked.