Structural and optical properties of CdS/PEO nanocomposite solid films

Abstract

In this paper solution mixing and casting of Cd(NO3)2·4H2O and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) at different molar ratios (1:100–1:600) followed by hydrogen sulfide treatment were employed to fabricate solid films of cadmium sulfide (CdS)/polyethylene oxide (PEO) nanocomposites. The nanocomposites were found to exhibit uniform distribution of CdS nanoparticles in the polymer matrix without any additional capping agent. Systematic investigations on the role of PEO on the optical properties of CdS are presented. The optical properties of the composites examined by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy show that the band gap of CdS nanoparticles increases from 2.45 eV to 2.54 eV with decreasing concentration of CdS in PEO films. X-ray diffraction pattern shows the broadening in shape of the PEO peaks which is induced by the CdS particles in PEO matrix. The CdS particle sizes ranging from 10 to 20 nm are clearly seen in a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies (XPS) also confirm the presence of CdS in PEO. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies using attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) indicate the influence of Cd2+ ion on C–O–C stretching in PEO and confirm the presence of CdS nanoparticles within PEO. Photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) shows the broad emission due to the presence of surface trapped carrier states.