Potential of hydrophobic metal-organic framework-based materials for environmental applications

Abstract

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are an unique class of materials whose ordered crystalline porous structures have been utilized in a variety of applications from gas capture, storage and separation to optoelectronics and electrochemical applications. The versatility in their structures due to a vast choice and combination of metal ions and organic/organometallic linkers lead to such myriad applications. These structures can also be postsynthetically modified to enhance or generate novel properties. Additionally, advanced and new applications can be realized by scaling down MOFs to the nanoscale. In this chapter, our discussion will focus on environmental applications of MOFs, mainly the utilities of generating superhydrophobicity in MOF structures. Two main outcomes, that is, oil–water separation and enhanced atmospheric CO2 capture using water repellent MOFs will be highlighted. Concepts behind the synthesis of such structures and examples reported in the literature will be discussed in detail to provide the tools for interested readers to understand and investigate deep into the topic. We will also put forward a future outlook of how MOF structures can be utilized to enhance research on providing environmental solutions.