Trimetallic Cubane-Type Clusters: Transition-Metal Variation as a Probe of the Roots of Hypoelectronic Metallaheteroboranes

Abstract

In an effort to synthesize chalcogen-rich metallaheteroborane clusters of group 5 metals, thermolysis of [Cp*TaCl4] (Cp* = η5-C5Me5) with thioborate ligand Li[BH2S3] was carried out, affording trimetallic clusters [(Cp*Ta)3(μ-S)3(μ3-S)3B(R)], 1–3 (1, R = H; 2, R = SH; and 3, R = Cl). Clusters 1–3 are illustrative examples of cubane-type organotantalum sulfido clusters in which one of the vertices of the cubane is missing. In parallel to the formation of 1–3, the reaction also yielded tetrametallic sulfido cluster [(Cp*Ta)4(μ-S)6(μ3-S)(μ4-O)], 6, having an adamantane core structure. Compound 6 is one of the rarest examples containing the μ4-oxo unit with a heavier early transition metal, i.e., tantalum. In an effort to isolate selenium analogues of clusters 1–3, we have isolated the trimetallic cluster [(Cp*Ta)3(μ-Se)3(μ3-Se)3B(H)], 4, from the thermolytic reaction of [Cp*TaCl4] and Li[BH2Se3]. In contrast, the thermolysis of [Cp*TaCl4] with Li[BH2Te3] under the same reaction conditions yielded tantalum telluride complex [(Cp*Ta)2(μ-Te)2], 5. Compounds 1–4 are hypo-electronic clusters with an electron count of 50 cluster valence electrons. All these compounds have been characterized by 1H, 11B{1H}, and 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy; infrared spectroscopy; mass spectrometry; and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The density functional theory calculations were also carried out to provide insight into the bonding and electronic structures of these molecules.