An adsorbate discriminatory gate effect in a flexible porous coordination polymer for selective adsorption of CO₂ over C₂H₂

Abstract

The adsorptive separation of C₂H₂ and CO₂ via porous materials is nontrivial due to the close similarities of their boiling points and kinetic diameters. In this work, we describe a new flexible porous coordination polymer (PCP) [Mn(bdc)(dpe)] (H₂bdc = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid, dpe = 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene) having zero-dimensional pores, which shows an adsorbate discriminatory gate effect. The compound shows gate opening type abrupt adsorption for C₂H₂ but not for CO₂, leading to an appreciable selective adsorption of CO₂ over C₂H₂ at near ambient temperature (273 K). The origin of this unique selectivity, as unveiled by in situ adsorption-X-ray diffraction experiments and density functional theory calculations, is due to vastly different orientations between the phenylene ring of bdc and each gas in the nanopores. The structural change by photochemical transformation of this PCP via [2 + 2] photodimerization leads to the removal of inverse CO₂/ C₂H₂ selectivity, verifying the mechanism of the guest discriminatory gate effect.