Effect of coordinated ligands on antiproliferative activity and DNA cleavage property of three mononuclear Cu(II)-terpyridine complexes

Abstract

Three mononuclear copper(II) complexes, [Cu(tpy)Cl₂] 1, [Cu(tpy)(NO₃)₂(H₂O)]2 and [Cu(Ptpy)Cl₂]·H₂O·HCl 3 have been synthesised and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 1 and 3 have five coordinate geometry in solid state, whereas complex 2 has six coordinate geometry. Mass spectral and EPR evidence suggest that in solution all the three complexes exist predominantly as a four coordinate species. Molecular modelling and DNA cleavage studies indicate that complexes 1 and 2 are DNA minor groove binders, whereas 3 is an intercalator. All the three complexes show nuclease activity in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The three complexes have been found to be cytotoxic towards A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells.