Effect of bisphosphonates on bone mineral density after renal transplantation as assessed by bone mineral densitometry

Abstract

Introduction: Steroid-induced osteoporosis is a major problem after organ transplantation. There is considerable evidence that bisphosphonates are effective in decreasing osteoporosis. Aim: This prospective study was carried out to see the effects of bisphosphonates on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) after successful renal transplantation. Material and Methods: Fifty consecutive patients of successful renal transplantation were randomized into two groups. Group A (n = 27) received 35 mg/wk of Alendronate for 6 months after transplantation. Group B (n = 23) did not receive Alendronate and served as a control. Both groups underwent a pretransplant baseline Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) scan of their hips and lumber spines. Both groups received oral calcium and vitamin D supplement. Both groups were matched for the regimen and dose of immunosuppressive drugs. BMD was measured at 3 months and 6 months after transplantation. Results: Both groups showed a decline in BMD in early months post-transplantation. However, the 6-month DEXA scans showed a significant rise in BMD in group A as compared to group B. Conclusion: Bisphosphonates appear to have a beneficial effect on steroid-induced bone loss.